Faucet.



N. CURTIS.

l FAucET. (Application led Apr. G, 1900.!

- P atentefr Mar. 25, V|902.

(no Model.)

'lllllllllll A MMI', A' n UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

AND GOODWIN COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORA- TION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

FAUCET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 696,135, dated March 25, 1902. Application filed April 6, 1900. Serial No. 11,891. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, NELSON CURTIS, of Bost-on, in the county of Suolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Faucets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in faucets, and has for its objects to'produce an easy-operated faucet which will be neat in appearance, quick in its action, not liable to get out of order or to wear out, one which will open at once to its full capacity when operated to open and which can4 be made to close more or less rapidly, as desired, and also will prevent water-hammering when closing. l

The invention consists of the novel construction, `arrangement, and combination of parts fully described hereinafter and claimed, and it is carried out substantially as illustratedon the accompanying drawings, which form an essential part of this specification, and whereou- Figures l and 2 represent, respectively, a plan view and a sectional side elevation,

p mostly in section, of the preferred construction of my improved faucet when used as a basin-cock. Figs. 3 and 4t represent, respectively, a sectional front and a sectional side elevation of my improved faucet constructed as a basin-cock and showing another means which may be employed to operate the faucet. Fig. 5 represents a vertical section of the upper part of a faucet, showing a modiied arrangement of my invention. Fig. G represents sectional side elevations of a number of interchangeable collars used as eXten- `sions of the main valve to cause the proper operation of the valve.

Like characters of reference refer to like parts wherever they occur on the different parts of the drawings.

Referring to the construction of my invention as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the casing 1 `of the faucet is made of the desired shape to adapt it to the purpose for which the faucet is to be used and has an inlet chamber or passage 2 and outlet chamber or passage 3,

' separated from each other by means of the valve-seat 4, upon which the valve 5 is seated.

The valve 5 is of a peculiar construction and will be clearly described hereinafter.

The casing l is provided with a removable cap or bonnet G, which may be of any suitable and convenient form and attached to the casing in any desired manner, it being preferably screwed into the casing, as shown. The lower end of the bonnet 6 is made in the form of a vertically-arranged cylinder 7, which is open at its lower end and within which a piston 8 reciprocates vertically, which piston is attached to or made in one piece with the vvalveV 5 and causes the seating and unseating of said valve by the reciprocations of said piston within the cylinder, as hereinafter described. The piston is provided with a suitable packing or washer to prevent the leakage of water around it and is also provided with a passage 9, made through said piston, which passage forms communication between the inlet-chamber 2 and the cylinder 7 above said pistonand is for the admission of the inlet-pressure to said cylinder, by which pressure the valve 5 is held upon its seat against the inlet-pressure in the inlet-chamber 2. The passage 9 has been shown on the drawings asbeing made in part of a longitudinal perforation in the screw 10, which is screwed into the lower screw-threaded end of the perforation in the piston, which perforation constitutes another part ofthe passage 9 and is cramped more or less, as desired, by a tapering slotted screw-plug 1l, screwed more or less into the upper end of said perforation-in the piston for a purpose to be described hereinafter. In some cases it may be .found that the influence of the pressure in the cylinder 7 upon the piston 8 is not sufcient to overcome the friction of the packing of the piston and to move and hold the valve 5 closed. Therefore I may in some cases introduce the spring 12 within the cylinder between the piston and the top of the cylinder, and I have illustrated such a spring in the drawings; but I do not deem it necessary to use the same or to confine myself to its use. The bonnet is provided with a chamloer 18 above the cylinder 7, which is separated from said cylinder by a perforated partition 14:. Communication between the cylinder and IOO - ease with which it can be operated.

said chamber is controlled by means of a valve 15, covering the perforation in said partition, which valve is normally held upon its seat by the influence of the spring 1G, placed within the chamber 13 between the partition 14 and a piston 17, secured to the stem 18 of the valve 15, capable of reciprocations within the charnber 13. The piston is preferably provided with a suitable packing or washer to prevent leakage of fiuid around said piston. A passage or passages 19 form open communication between the chamber 13 and the outlet-chamber 3 of the casing of the faucet.

When the above-described parts of my invention are in the position shown in Fig. 2, it will be understood that inlet-pressure from the inlet-chamber will be conveyed through the passage in the piston-valve to the cylinder above the piston of the valve which pressure, in connection with the spring in said cylinder, will hold the piston-valve firmly on its seat and prevent the discharge of fluid from the inlet-chamber through the outlet-chaluber and out from the faucet. Now if the secondary valve be opened, so as to establish communication between the cylinder above the piston-valve and the outlet-chamber, through the chamber above said cylinder,and the passage between said chamber and the outletchamber, the pressure in the cylinder will exhaust into the outlet-chamber and be reduced until the pressure in the inlet-chamber upon the piston-valve overcomes `the influence of that in the cylinder on said valve, when the piston-valve will be forced from its seat and allow the discharge of duid from the faucet. Fluid will continue to flow from the faucet during the time that the secondary valve is held from its seat and until said valve has been seated and the pressure in the cylinder and on the piston thereof has again increased by the admission of inlet-pressure thereto from the inlet-chamber through the passage in the piston-valve sufficient to overcome the influence of the pressure in the inlet-chamber on the piston-valve, when the piston-valve will be again forced from its seat and shut off the flow of fluid through the faucet.

Various devices may be used to operate the secondary valve, and I have shown two of said devices on the drawings, that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 being the preferred form on account of its simplicity, novelty, neatness, and

It consists of a push-button 20, mounted upon the end of the valve-stem 1S, as shown, or made in one piece with said stem, if desired. This push-button projects upward through a perforation in the top of the bonnet and is preferably made so as to normally be slightly raised around the surrounding surface of the bonnet. It may be marked with the word Push or Hot or Cold or other suitable word to indicate the temperature of the fluid to be drawn from the faucet or to instruct persons how to operate the faucet. The downward movement of the push-button is limited by internal stops 21 21, which e11- gage an internal ledge in the bonnet, orit may be stopped in any other well-known equivalent manner. 4

The device shown in Figs. 3 and 4 to operate the secondary valve consists of the lever or handle 22, fulcrumed at 23 to the bonnet, having its lower fiat end resting upon a flared top 24, secured to the upper end of the valve stem 18, and so arranged that by the rocking of said lever or handle in either direction the valve-stem will be forced downward against the influence of the spring 16 and open the secondary valve. The flared top 24 acts as a stop to limit the movement of the valve-stem by coming into contact with an internal ledge in the bonnet similar to the stop 21, above referred to. Leversor handles of various shapes and constructions may be supplied in place of that shown without departing from the essential part of my invention.

In order to prevent the pressure on the fluid in the outlet-chamber 3 from governing the pressure on the fluidV in the cylinder 7 through the passage 9 and at the same time to be able to control or regulate the pressure on the fluid in the outlet-chamber, so as to prevent an excess of pressure in said chamber and spattering of the fluid when discharged, I provide the valve 5 with an extension, (shown in Fig. 2 ofthe drawings in its preferred form,) which consists of a collar 25, placed upon the screw 10 substantially as shown, so that it reduces the open area of the perforation through the valve -seat 4. Collars of dierent diameters may be used to form this extension of the valve 5, so as to reduce the flow of fluid through the valveseat more or less as required when the valve is open, and as the outlet from the outletchamber remains the same area it will be understood that this extension, which is suliciently long to never be drawn out of the perforation in the valve-seat even when the valve is wide open, will act to reduce or govern the pressure in the outlet-chamber in relation to the pressure in the inlet-chamber. As the extension of the valve 5 is never drawn out of the perforation of the valve-seat 4, but reciprocates vertically in said perforation with the movements of the valve, it will be seen that the pressure on the fluid in the inletchamber will always be conveyed through the passage 9 to the cylinder 7 above the piston even when the valve is wide open, and when the secondary valve is closed it will always cause the pressure in the cylinder to accumulate and to exert suicient pressure on the piston to close the valve no matter at what part of its movement the valve may be. This accumulation of pressure in the cylinder 7 after the secondary valve has been closed will be more or less rapid, according to the amount of cramping of the passage 9 by the plug 11, and consequently the valve may be made to close more or less quickly after the closing of the secondary valve by IOO IIO

the valve 5 when closing.

My improvements, as" above described, be-

ing contained' entirely Within'l the bonnet of4 the casing of "the faucet and -notnecessitating the' changing of the casing itsel`f,fmay bev quickly applied' tothe majority of the faucets now in common use by simply substitutfv ing my bonnet, with thefimprovement's contained therein, for the bonnet which has been used upon the faucet.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a slightly-modified arrangement of the parts of my invention, in which arrangement the-cylinder 7 is-made as anintegral part of the casing 1,'thepistonvalve Within the cylinder hasbeen shown as being operated to close the faucet by'theinuence of the pressure in said cylinder with` out the use of the spring 12,'the seo`ondaryl valve has been shown as being carried by the bonnet, and the exhaust-passage 19 in the bonnet from the chamber'l in the bonnet communicates with a passage 26 in the casing-which leads to the outlet-chamber3.A I havealso shown the extension ofthe valve 5 Within-the seat 4 as being an integral part of the valve. The operation of this construction is thefsamc as that described-in relation'- to'the'other construction shown on the drawings."y

Having thus fully described the nature',con struction, and operation ofthisinvention, I wish to secure by Letters Patentand claim- 1. A casing having inlet and outlet'chambers and a valve-seat'separating said chambers, a valve inV connectionwith said valvescatto control communication betweensaid chambers, and a series of interchangeable collars to be attachedto said-valve, forming an extension thereto, and reciprocatinglwithin the perforation of -sa'idvalve-seat, whereby the-pressure in the outlet-chamber can be adjusted as desired in relation; to Ythe pressure in thei nlet-'chamber of s'the casing,"for,the purpose set tforth.

- -2. A casing having inlet and outlet cham- -bers and avalve-seat'separating` said' chambers, ay bonnet for said casing, a piston-valve engaging saidv seat and controlling communication #between saidinlet and outlet chambers',l a cylinder for the piston of said valve, ,an inlet-passage to said cylinder, an exhaust from saidfcylinder,"a secondary' valve controlling. saidl exhaust and means to operate -said secondaryvalve, the cylinder, exhaust Ifrom said cylinder, secondaryvalve,` and operatin g mechanism, all contained Within said bonnet, whereby the improved device may be applied to casings now inuse, for the purpose setfo'rth.

=3.`:In'a faucet, a casing having an inlet, an

outlet,-'and a valve-seat between said inletand outlet,` a bonnet, for said casing, two chambers insaid bonnet, a valve-seatbetWeen-said chambers, a piston in one-,of said chambers, a valve controlled by. said 4piston and seating on the valve-seat between said inlet andoutlet controlling communication between thesame, a passage forming `communication between the inletland the chamber containing said' piston, abovesaid pis= ton, supplying motive iiuid to said chamber to hold said valve upon its seat,.a pistoniin the vsecond chamberfin said'bonnet,a valve controlling-vcommunication :Kbetweenthe two chambersv in'the bonnet, a spring normally holding this latter valve upon its'seat, means to force this-latter valve fromfits seat, and a passage forming communication'between the second chamber and the Youtlet', for the puri pose set forth.

Intestimon-y whereof Ihave affixed my sig nature in presence-of twowitnessesfv 1 NELSON-'CURTIS v V-itnessesz` I YHENRY@CHADBOURN,v ARTHUR C.'-JoNEs. 

